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Psychotic symptoms during stimulant treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2020-03-15Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorSá, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Filipa Martins
dc.contributor.authorMagalhães, Patrícia
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Vânia
dc.contributor.authorBarrias, Paula
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-28T14:26:25Z
dc.date.available2020-07-28T14:26:25Z
dc.date.issued2020-03-15
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Pharmacological treatment, either alone or in combination with psychosocial interventions, is important in the therapeutic strategy. Psychostimulants remain the most effective medication and are generally well tolerated. However, one of its rare but significant side effects is development of psychotic symptoms. Objectives: To perform a literature review about the risk of psychotic symptoms during ADHD treatment with stimulants and discuss possible pharmacological treatment implications.Methods: A literature search was conducted on PubMed database using the terms “ADHD”, “central nervous system stimulants”, and “psychosis”. The search was supplemented with data retrieved from published guidelines.Results and discussion: ADHD diagnosis has been increasing, as well the use of stimulants for its treatment. However, using these drugs is not without controversy. ADHD pharmacological treatment is rarely associated with psychotic symptoms. Reported symptoms include hallucinations and paranoid delusions, and occasionally also euphoria, grandiosity, and other mania and hypomania features. These symptoms are generally short-lived and self-limited within days after stimulant discontinuation. One study comparing amphetamines and methylphenidate suggested that the former was more likely to cause psychosis compared with the latter. Additionally, study authors agreed that stimulant-induced psychosis seems to be associated to susceptibility factors.Conclusion: Psychostimulants are highly beneficial for ADHD patients. However, small studies and case reports suggest an association with new-onset psychotic symptoms. Physicians should be aware that psychotic symptoms may arise during stimulant ADHD treatment. Further investigation is required to identify patients who are most at risk of experiencing such adverse events.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationNascer e Crescer - Birth and Growth Medical Journal 2020;29(1): 23-28. doi:10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v29.i1.18081pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v29.i1.18081pt_PT
dc.identifier.eissn2183-9417
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.16/2433
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherCentro Hospitalar Universitário do Portopt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectADHDpt_PT
dc.subjectamphetaminept_PT
dc.subjectmethylphenidatept_PT
dc.subjectpsychostimulantspt_PT
dc.subjectpsychotic symptomspt_PT
dc.titlePsychotic symptoms during stimulant treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderpt_PT
dc.title.alternativeSintomas psicóticos durante o tratamento com psicoestimulantes para a perturbação de hiperatividade com défice de atençãopt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.conferencePlacePortopt_PT
oaire.citation.endPage28pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue1pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage23pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleNascer e Crescer - Birth and Growth Medical Journalpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume29pt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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