Costa Figueiredo, RafaelR. Monteiro, DianaRebelo, Ana IsabelAzevedo, AnaFreitas de Oliveira, SaraTavares, Sara2021-11-022021-11-022021-09Costa Figueiredo R, R. Monteiro D, Rebelo AI, Azevedo A, Freitas de Oliveira S, Tavares S, Nascer e Crescer - Birth and Growth Medical Journal 2020;30(3): 179-182. doi:10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v30.i3.170892183-9417http://hdl.handle.net/10400.16/2517Introduction: Q fever, a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetti, is relatively rare in the pediatric population. The disease is often asymptomatic or with mild clinical presentation in children. Case report: A four-year-old boy with persistent fever, severe anemia, and positive IgM for Coxiella burnetti was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and azithromycin, with no improvement. After polymerase chain reaction confirmation, he completed 14 days of doxycycline, with good response. After eleven months, the child remains asymptomatic. Discussion: Despite having a usually mild presentation, the severe clinical progression and lack of response to initial antibiotic therapy in this case prompt the use of doxycycline, a non-consensual drug in younger ages, with good results. New recommendations endorse the use of this drug for short periods at any age.engAcute Q feverDoxycyclinePediatric Q feverjournal article10.25753/BirthGrowthMJ.v30.i3.17089