SOnc - Serviço de Oncologia
Permanent URI for this community
Browse
Browsing SOnc - Serviço de Oncologia by Author "Araujo, A."
Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- O cancro no concelho de Santa Maria da FeiraPublication . Araujo, A.
- Classic DMARD’s, biologic drugs and cancer riskPublication . Araujo, A.
- Clinical practice: approaching the reality of individual patientsPublication . Araujo, A.
- Diagnóstico e Tratamento do Cancro do Pulmão: Estado da ArtePublication . Araujo, A.
- Exosomes genetic cargo in lung cancer: a truly Pandora's boxPublication . Reclusa, P.; Sirera, R.; Araujo, A.; Giallombardo, M.; Valentino, A.; Sorber, L.; Bazo, I.; Pauwels, P.; Rolfo, C.Lung cancer is a highly lethal disease. Targeted therapies have been developed in last years, however survival rates are not improving due to the delay in the diagnosis, making biomarkers one of the most interesting fields of study in cancer. Liquid biopsy has raised as an alternative to tissue biopsy due to improvements in analytical techniques for circulating tumor cells (CTCs), cell free DNA and exosomes. Among all, exosomes have raised as one of the most promising tools to understand the tumor due to their stability in the blood and their similarity to the cells of origin. In the last years, different alterations have been described inside the exosomes derived from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells mirroring the processes inside these tumoral cells, such as EGFR mutation, translocations or microRNA (miRNA) deregulation. All these studies have opened the window to a new world of possibilities in the study of tumor biomarkers.
- Exosomes isolation and characterization in serum is feasible in non-small cell lung cancer patients: critical analysis of evidence and potential role in clinical practicePublication . Taverna, S.; Giallombardo, M.; Gil-Bazo, I.; Carreca, A.; Castiglia, M.; Chacártegui, J.; Araujo, A.; Alessandro, R.; Pauwels, P.; Peeters, M.; Rolfo, C.Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles of endolysosomal origin, released by several cytotypes in physiological and pathological conditions. Tumor derived exosomes, interacting with other cells of the tumor microenvironment, modulate tumor progression, angiogenic switch, metastasis, and immune escape. Recently, extracellular vesicles were proposed as excellent biomarkers for disease monitoring and prognosis in cancer patients. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a poor 5-year survival rate due to the delay in the detection of the disease. The majority of patients are diagnosed in an advanced disease stage. Exosomes might be promising beneficial tools as biomarker candidates in the scenario of NSCLC, since they contain both, proteins and miRNAs. The clinical case reported in this manuscript is a proof of concept revealing that NSCLC exosomes and sorted miRNAs might constitute, in a near future, novel biomarkers. This review summarizes the role of exosomes in NSCLC, focusing on the importance of exosomal microRNAs in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
- Immuno-oncology in lung cancerPublication . Araujo, A.
- Management of Gastrointestinal Toxicity from Immune Checkpoint InhibitorPublication . Rocha, Marta; Correia de Sousa, João; Salgado, Marta; Araujo, A.; Pedroto, I.Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown anti-tumour activity in cancers such as melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, urothelial carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma. Though immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment and prognosis of some advanced malignancies, they are also associated with a significant risk of immune-related adverse events. These adverse events can occur in any organ system, but gastrointestinal side effects are among the most commonly reported, with manifestations ranging from mild diarrhoea to severe colitis, sharing some features with inflammatory bowel disease. Anticipating a greater use of these drugs in the future, gastroenterologists should expect to be increasingly faced with gastrointestinal immune-related adverse events. Knowledge of these toxicities, as well as effective management algorithms, is essential to enable early diagnosis and treatment, decreasing morbidity and mortality. We reviewed the currently available literature on gastrointestinal toxicity induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors, namely the clinical features, diagnosis, and management.
- New modalities and new drugs in the NSCLC treatmentPublication . Araujo, A.
- Predictive clinical model of tumor response after chemoradiation in rectal cancerPublication . Santos, M.; Silva, C.; Rocha, A.; Nogueira, C.; Castro-Poças, F.; Araujo, A.; Matos, E.; Pereira, C.; Medeiros, R.; Lopes, C.Survival improvement in rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is achieved only if pathological response occurs. Mandard tumor regression grade (TRG) proved to be a valid system to measure nCRT response. The ability to predict tumor response before treatment may significantly have impact the selection of patients for nCRT in rectal cancer. The aim is to identify potential predictive pretreatment factors for Mandard response and build a clinical predictive model design. 167 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were treated with nCRT and curative surgery. Blood cell counts in peripheral blood were analyzed. Pretreatment biopsies expression of cyclin D1, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and protein 21 were assessed. A total of 61 single nucleotide polymorphisms were characterized using the Sequenom platform through multiplex amplification followed by mass-spectometric product separation. Surgical specimens were classified according to Mandard TRG. The patients were divided as: "good responders" (Mandard TRG1-2) and "poor responders" (Mandard TGR3-5). We examined predictive factors for Mandard response and performed statistical analysis. In univariate analysis, distance from anal verge, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), cyclin D1, VEGF, EGFR, protein 21 and rs1810871 interleukin 10 (IL10) gene polymorphism are the pretreatment variables with predictive value for Mandard response. In multivariable analysis, NLR, cyclin D1, protein 21 and rs1800871 in IL10 gene maintain predictive value, allowing a clinical model design.