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Estimativa do ruído numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
RESUMO Introdução: O ruído tem sido considerado
como uma importante fonte de
stress podendo complicar o tratamento
dos recém-nascidos e como factor de risco
para o seu desenvolvimento. O ruído
também é reconhecidamente uma fonte
de stress e patologia para os profissionais
de saúde, dificultando o seu trabalho
e agravando o risco de erro.
Metodologia: Foi feita uma estimativa
do nível contínuo equivalente em 3
postos de cuidados intensivos da Unidade
de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais
da Clínica Universitária Pediátrica do
Hospital de Santa Maria, com diferentes
tipos de incubadora e diferentes modos
de ventilação, de manhã e de noite. Esta
avaliação era desconhecida para todas
as pessoas que se encontravam na Unidade.
Foi estimado o ruído dentro das incubadoras
com a porta aberta e fechada
e fora das incubadoras. Foi ainda avaliado
o ruído provocado por algumas situações
particulares.
Resultados: O ruído estimado variou
entre 50,0 dB(A) dentro de uma incubadora
até 70.4 dB(A) fora das incubadoras,
não se registando diferenças entre
as medições diurnas e nocturnas. Posteriormente
foi avaliado o ruído provocado
durante algumas situações como fechar
a porta da incubadora, escrever e bater
com caneta no topo das incubadoras. O
ruído mais elevado registado nestas situações
foi de 84,4 d B(A).
Conclusões: Não se detectaram
níveis de ruído com risco de lesão auditiva
quer para os recém-nascidos quer
para os trabalhadores. No entanto o nível
contínuo equivalente de ruído é bastante
superior ao recomendado quer para doentes
internados (45 dB(A)), quer para
trabalho que requeira esforço mental e
necessidade de concentração (55 dB(A)),
com o consequente aumento do risco de
stress, fadiga e erro. As incubadoras fechadas
conferem alguma protecção, variável
e não suficiente, variando o ruído
também com o tipo de ventilação. Recomendam-se a motivação para o controlo
do ruído e algumas medidas no sentido
de o reduzir.
ABSTRACT Introduction: noise exposure in neonatal units has been considered a detrimental factor for stabilization and future development of newborns. It has also been associated with health providers stress and the probability of error. Methods: The authors recorded mean continuous noise at three intensive care stations in Hospital Santa Maria Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, with different incubators and different ventilation support, morning and night. It was a blind evaluation to all people within the Unit. Samples where collected inside the incubators, with doors closed and opened, and outside the incubators. Peak noise occurring during several procedures was also recorded. Results: Mean noise level varied between 50,0 dB(A) inside one of the incubators and 70.4 dB(A) outside. There where no significant differences between day and night measurements. Peak noise was evaluated during closing incubator doors, writing and banging in the top of the incubator and alarm sounds. Highest peak noise recorded was 84,4 d B(A). Conclusion: Mean noise level measurements are not consistent with hearing loss risk for both providers and newborns. Nevertheless, it is substantially higher than recommended for hospital patients (45 dB(A)) and for work with high concentration needs (55 dB(A)), increasing stress, fatigue and error. Closed incubators give variable but insufficient protection. Noise levels also varied with type of ventilation support. Motivation for noise control is very important. Some measures for noise reduction are recommended.
ABSTRACT Introduction: noise exposure in neonatal units has been considered a detrimental factor for stabilization and future development of newborns. It has also been associated with health providers stress and the probability of error. Methods: The authors recorded mean continuous noise at three intensive care stations in Hospital Santa Maria Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, with different incubators and different ventilation support, morning and night. It was a blind evaluation to all people within the Unit. Samples where collected inside the incubators, with doors closed and opened, and outside the incubators. Peak noise occurring during several procedures was also recorded. Results: Mean noise level varied between 50,0 dB(A) inside one of the incubators and 70.4 dB(A) outside. There where no significant differences between day and night measurements. Peak noise was evaluated during closing incubator doors, writing and banging in the top of the incubator and alarm sounds. Highest peak noise recorded was 84,4 d B(A). Conclusion: Mean noise level measurements are not consistent with hearing loss risk for both providers and newborns. Nevertheless, it is substantially higher than recommended for hospital patients (45 dB(A)) and for work with high concentration needs (55 dB(A)), increasing stress, fatigue and error. Closed incubators give variable but insufficient protection. Noise levels also varied with type of ventilation support. Motivation for noise control is very important. Some measures for noise reduction are recommended.
Description
Keywords
Ruído UCIN recém-nascido Noise NICU newborn
Citation
Nascer e Crescer 2006; 15(4): 219-222