Browsing by Author "Aguiar, A."
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- Alterações hepáticas em contexto de diabetes mellitus tipo I descompensadaPublication . Portugal, V.; Aguiar, A.; Vasconcelos, F.; Aroso, S.; Fonseca, M.Introdução: A Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipo I é uma doença endócrina crónica de incidência crescente na idade pediátrica. A hepatomegalia induzida pelo glicogénio é uma complicação precoce, amplamente reconhecida mas raras vezes descrita na literatura. Casos Clínicos: Criança de seis anos, admitida no serviço de urgência com quadro clínico e analítico compatível com cetoacidose diabética (CAD). O segundo caso trata-se de uma adolescente de 14 anos internada por DM descompensada com episódios frequentes de hipoglicemias. Por último relata-se o caso de um adolescente de 17 anos internado por grande instabilidade dos valores glicémicos. Nos três casos, foi detectada hepatomegalia com elevação sérica das transaminases. A evolução foi favorável, com resolução do quadro em quatro semanas. Conclusão: A glicogenose hepática parece estar associada a uma correcção rápida da cetoacidose diabética, instabilidade glicémica e administração de grandes quantidades de insulina no contexto de uma ingestão alimentar abusiva. ABSTRACT Type I diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine metabolic disease with a increasing incidence in pediatrics. Some diabetic patients with poor metabolic control may develop hepatomegaly induced by glycogen accumulation in early period. The hepatic glycogenosis is a well recognized complication, which is rarely reported in literature. Cases report: We report a case of a six-year-old boy admitted in hospital with a diabetic ketoacidosis. The second case is a fourteen-year-old girl with diabetes referred to our hospital because of frequent hypoglycemic episodes. The last reported case refers to a seventeen-year-old teenager, who was admitted to hospital due to wide fluctuations in glucose levels. They all developed hepatomegaly and elevated serum transaminases. Full recovery was achieved within four weeks. Conclusion: Hepatic Glycogenosis can be associated with acute restoration from diabetic ketoacidosis and wide fluctuations in both glucose and insulin levels.
- Changes to TB care in an outpatient centre during the COVID‐19 pandemicPublication . Aguiar, A.; Furtado, I.; Sousa, M.; Pinto, M.; Duarte, R.
- Different disease, same challenges: Social determinants of tuberculosis and COVID-19Publication . Duarte, R.; Aguiar, A.; Pinto, M.; Furtado, Inês; Tiberi, S.; Lönnroth, K.; Migliori, G.B.Infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB) and the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) relate to environmental factors, understanding of which is essential to inform policy and practice and tackle them effectively. The review follows the conceptual framework offered by the World Health Organization Commission on Social Determinants of Health (defined as "all those material, psychological and behavioural circumstances linked to health and generically indicated as risk factors' in the conventional epidemiological language"). It describes the social factors behind TB and COVID-19, the commonalities between the two diseases, and what can be learned so far from the published best practices. The social determinants sustaining TB and COVID-19 underline the importance of prioritising health and allocating adequate financial and human resources to achieve universal health coverage and health-related social protection while addressing the needs of vulnerable populations. Rapid and effective measures against poverty and other major social determinants and sources of inequality are urgently needed to develop better health in the post-COVID-19 world.
- Gastroenterite aguda na criança - estudo prospectivo multicêntricoPublication . Valente, I.; Aguiar, A.; Afonso, A.; Coelho, E.; Costa, M.; Aroso, S.; Antunes, H.; Lima, R.
- Infecção por citomegalovirus. Uma forma rara de apresentaçãoPublication . Sotto Maior, T.; Aguiar, A.; Saraiva, S.; Santos, P.; Gonçalves, C.; Aroso, S.RESUMO A infecção por Citomegalovirus (CMV) é uma situação frequente, ocorrendo maioritariamente de forma assintomática(1). Os autores apresentam o caso clínico de uma criança de 3 anos de idade, internada no Serviço de Pediatria do Hospital Pedro Hispano para estudo etiológico de hipoproteinémia com hipoalbuminémia, no contexto clínico de vómitos, abdominalgias e edemas infraorbitários bilaterais. Os exames complementares de diagnóstico efectuados inicialmente permitiram excluir etiologia hepática e renal. Perante a suspeita de uma enteropatia perdedora de proteínas foi efectuada uma endoscopia digestiva alta que revelou ulcerações superficiais da mucosa gástrica. A pesquisa do CMV por técnica de PCR (Protein Chain Reaction) em tecido de biopsia gástrica e duodenal foi positiva. As serologias para CMV foram sugestivas de infecção recente. A evolução clínica e analítica foi favorável, tendo sido apenas instituído tratamento sintomático.
- LINFOMAS CUTÂNEOS DE CÉLULAS T: PAPEL DAS CÉLULAS NK E T CIRCULANTES NA DEFESA ANTI-TUMORALPublication . Aguiar, A.; Queirós, M.; Alves, R.; Lima, M.O cancro é uma doença complexa caracterizada por um crescimento descontrolado de células próprias do organismo. O sistema imune tem a capacidade de identificar estas células e desenvolver mecanismos de forma a elimina-las. Na tentativa de melhorar o conhecimento sobre como o sistema imune reage perante a presença de células neoplásicas, têm sido realizados numerosos estudos, envolvendo diferentes tipos de tumores. Os linfomas cutâneos de células T (LCCT), grupo de patologias malignas caracterizado pela proliferação de linfócitos T (LT) na pele, têm sido alvos destes estudos. Contudo, embora alguns demonstrem que as células imunológicas intervêm ao longo da evolução da doença, este assunto é ainda controverso.
- Patient-physician discordance in assessment of adherence to inhaled controller medication: a cross-sectional analysis of two cohortsPublication . Jácome, C.; Pereira, A.; Almeida, R.; Ferreira-Magalhães, Manuel; Couto, M.; Araujo, L.; Pereira, M.; Correia, M.; Loureiro, C.; Catarata, M.; Maia Santos, L.; Pereira, J.; Ramos, B.; Lopes, C.; Mendes, A.; Cidrais Rodrigues, J.; Oliveira, G.; Aguiar, A.; Afonso, I.; Carvalho, J.; Arrobas, A.; Coutinho Costa, J.; Dias, J.; Todo Bom, A.; Azevedo, J.; Ribeiro, C.; Alves, M.; Leiria Pinto, P.; Neuparth, N.; Palhinha, A.; Gaspar Marques, J.; Pinto, N.; Martins, P.; Todo Bom, F.; Alvarenga Santos, M.; Gomes Costa, A.; Silva Neto, A.; Santalha, M.; Lozoya, C.; Santos, N.; Silva, D.; Vasconcelos, M.; Taborda-Barata, L.; Carvalhal, C.; Teixeira, M.; Alves, R.; Moreira, A.; Sofia Pinto, C.; Morais Silva, P.; Alves, C.; Câmara, R.; Coelho, D.; Bordalo, D.; Fernandes, R.; Ferreira, R.; Menezes, F.; Gomes, R.; Calix, M.; Marques, A.; Cardoso, J.; Emiliano, M.; Gerardo, R.; Nunes, C.; Câmara, R.; Ferreira, J.; Carvalho, A.; Freitas, P.; Correia, R.; Fonseca, J.Objective: We aimed to compare patient's and physician's ratings of inhaled medication adherence and to identify predictors of patient-physician discordance. Design: Baseline data from two prospective multicentre observational studies. Setting: 29 allergy, pulmonology and paediatric secondary care outpatient clinics in Portugal. Participants: 395 patients (≥13 years old) with persistent asthma. Measures: Data on demographics, patient-physician relationship, upper airway control, asthma control, asthma treatment, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and healthcare use were collected. Patients and physicians independently assessed adherence to inhaled controller medication during the previous week using a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Discordance was defined as classification in distinct VAS categories (low 0-50; medium 51-80; high 81-100) or as an absolute difference in VAS scores ≥10 mm. Correlation between patients' and physicians' VAS scores/categories was explored. A multinomial logistic regression identified the predictors of physician overestimation and underestimation. Results: High inhaler adherence was reported both by patients (median (percentile 25 to percentile 75) 85 (65-95) mm; 53% VAS>80) and by physicians (84 (68-95) mm; 53% VAS>80). Correlation between patient and physician VAS scores was moderate (rs=0.580; p<0.001). Discordance occurred in 56% of cases: in 28% physicians overestimated adherence and in 27% underestimated. Low adherence as assessed by the physician (OR=27.35 (9.85 to 75.95)), FEV1 ≥80% (OR=2.59 (1.08 to 6.20)) and a first appointment (OR=5.63 (1.24 to 25.56)) were predictors of underestimation. An uncontrolled asthma (OR=2.33 (1.25 to 4.34)), uncontrolled upper airway disease (OR=2.86 (1.35 to 6.04)) and prescription of short-acting beta-agonists alone (OR=3.05 (1.15 to 8.08)) were associated with overestimation. Medium adherence as assessed by the physician was significantly associated with higher risk of discordance, both for overestimation and underestimation of adherence (OR=14.50 (6.04 to 34.81); OR=2.21 (1.07 to 4.58)), while having a written action plan decreased the likelihood of discordance (OR=0.25 (0.12 to 0.52); OR=0.41 (0.22 to 0.78)) (R2=44%). Conclusion: Although both patients and physicians report high inhaler adherence, discordance occurred in half of cases. Implementation of objective adherence measures and effective communication are needed to improve patient-physician agreement.
- Thrombotic events and COVID-19 vaccinesPublication . Brazete, C.; Aguiar, A.; Furtado, I.; Duarte, R.COVID-19 vaccines are considered promising agents in the control of the pandemic. Although their safety was assessed in randomised clinical trials, severe adverse events (AEs) have been reported after large-scale administration. This study aims to evaluate thromboembolic AEs reported after vaccination in a real-world context and how they led to the interruption of vaccination campaigns. We also review the benefits and risks of the vaccines approved in the European Union and provide recommendations. A review of the literature was performed using Medline/PubMed electronic database as well as institutional and pharmacovigilance official reports. Our findings show that vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia has been suggested as a very rare AE associated with viral vector vaccines. Unusual thrombotic events combined with moderate-to-severe thrombocytopenia were reported mainly in women under 60 years of age. As safety signals emerged, Vaxzevria and Janssen´s COVID-19 vaccine campaigns have been paused while investigations proceed. On the other hand, the number of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism reports have not increased. Post-marketing surveillance indicated that mRNA vaccines are safe and should continue to be used. The thrombotic events report rate is not increased in people over 60 years. As they are at greater risk for COVID-19 complications and death, no vaccine restrictions are recommended in this group. Risk factors for vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia should be established so that evidence-based decisions can be made. Systematic monitoring of COVID-19 vaccine safety is essential to ensure that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks.