Browsing by Author "Silva, S."
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- Análise da influência do apoio podálico em radiografias de face dos joelhos em cargaPublication . Silva, S.; Pereira, José ManuelIntrodução – A articulação do joelho é das mais complexas do corpo humano e das mais afetadas pela osteoartrose uma vez que sustenta a maior parte do peso corporal. As alterações do alinhamento dos seus componentes podem conduzir ao desequilíbrio biomecânico e promover a redução do espaço articular. Apesar de outras modalidades de imagem serem utilizadas, neste contexto a radiologia convencional constitui, ainda, um instrumento indispensável na avaliação imagiológica do joelho. Contudo, não é consensual qual o protocolo mais adequado para a sua avaliação. Objetivos – O objetivo principal deste estudo centrou-se na análise da influência do apoio podálico, bi ou mono, na imagem radiográfica resultante da incidência de face do joelho em carga. Material e métodos – Realizou-se um estudo institucional, observacional, transversal e retrospetivo, incidindo sobre indivíduos, adultos, submetidos a um exame radiográfico de face dos joelhos em carga, com apoio bipodálico e monopodálico no mesmo episódio de exame. Foram aplicadas técnicas de medição do espaço articular e do ângulo femorotibial em todas as imagens recolhidas e comparadas as medições entre as imagens com apoio monopodálico e bipodálico. Resultados – A amostra foi composta por 30 indivíduos (63,3% do género feminino) com uma média de idades de 60,9 anos (±10,4 anos). A partir desta amostra foram constituídos dois grupos, um composto pelos joelhos direitos (n=21) e o outro pelos joelhos esquerdos (n=27). O espaço articular do compartimento medial apresentou-se como o mais diminuído em ambos os grupos. Comparando as médias das medições do espaço articular nas imagens adquiridas com apoio monopodálico e bipodálico observaram-se diferenças com significância estatística quer no joelho direito (p<0,001) quer no esquerdo (p<0,001). Observaram-se ainda diferenças na amplitude do ângulo femorotibial entre as imagens com apoio mono e bipodálico. Conclusão – Os resultados obtidos apontam para que a incidência de face em carga do joelho realizada com apoio monopodálico promove uma redução do espaço articular do compartimento afetado e, consequentemente, o aumento do espaço articular do compartimento contralateral.
- Antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody positive systemic vasculitis in a patient treated with propylthiouracilPublication . Silva, S.; Ferreira, J.; Carvalho, S.; Seabra, F.; Marinho, A.
- Avaliação de necessidades parentais em unidades de cuidados intensivos neonataisPublication . Alves, E.; Matos, L.; Grande, C.; Cardoso, V.; Silva, S.
- Botulismo: um receio latentePublication . Neto, C.; Silva, A.; Cardoso, L.; Silva, S.; Barreira, J.O botulismo alimentar é uma doença neuroparalítica flácida resultante da ingestão de alimentos contaminados com uma toxina produzida pela bactéria Clostridium botulinum, podendo surgir de forma esporádica ou epidémica. Trata-se de uma doença rara, de declaração obrigatória e potencialmente fatal. Em Portugal foram declarados em 2005 e 2006 apenas 7 e 10 casos respectivamente. Os autores apresentam o caso clínico de uma criança de 9 anos de idade, internada com um quadro de paralisia flácida descendente e simétrica, associada a envolvimento do sistema nervoso autónomo, com quatro dias de evolução, à qual foi feito o diagnóstico de botulismo alimentar serótipo B (associado à ingestão de salsichas enlatadas / fumeiros caseiros). O doente apresentou evolução clínica favorável, necessitando apenas de tratamento de suporte. Apesar de ser uma entidade rara, o botulismo deve ser um diagnóstico sempre a considerar perante um doente com distúrbio neuromuscular agudo e história de ingestão alimentar suspeita, uma vez que o diagnóstico atempado é essencial para a prevenção da progressão da doença e a identificação dos veículos alimentares fonte do botulismo. ABSTRACT Foodborne botulism is a neuroparalytic illness caused by ingestion of contaminated food with a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The illness may occur as a sporadic case or as an outbreak. It is a rare and a statutory notificable disease - in Portugal the number of cases declared in 2005 and 2006 were, respectively, seven and ten. The authors report a case of a nine year old child, referred to our hospital with generalized muscle weakness, bilateral ptosis and dysarthria . The investigation confirmed the diagnosis of foodborne botulism serotype B associated with the ingestion of canned food. The patient recovered completely with symptomatic treatment. Although foodborne botulism is a rare entity, this diagnosis should be considered in every patient with an acute neuromuscular disorder who refers the ingestion of food suspected of being contaminated. An early diagnosis is essential to prevent the progression of the disease and to identify the contaminated food.
- Cerebellar ataxia with spasmodic cough: a new form of dominant ataxiaPublication . Coutinho, P.; Cruz, V.; Tuna, A.; Silva, S.; Guimarães, J.Background: Although mentioned in most series, “pure” autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias, except spinocerebellar ataxia type 6, are difficult to differentiate on clinical grounds. Objective: To describe Portuguese families with a peculiar pure form of dominant ataxia that, to our knowledge, has never been documented before and in which cerebellar signs are preceded by spasmodic cough. Patients: Through a population-based survey of hereditary ataxias in Portugal, we identified 19 patients in 6 families with this particular disorder. Results: The majority of patients had a pure late-onset ataxia with a benign evolution. In all of the families, attacks of spasmodic coughing preceded ataxia for 1 to 3 decades and were a reliable marker of the disease. In Portugal, this form of ataxia accounts for 2.7% of all of the dominant ataxias. Conclusions: The families that we describe shared some relevant clinical and imagiological features with spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 and the recently described spinocerebellar ataxia type 20, allelic to spinocerebellar ataxia type 5. Spinocerebellar ataxia types 5 and 20 could be different phenotypic expressions of the same molecular disorder. The association of a dominant ataxia with spasmodic cough is rare but probably underdiagnosed.
- Payment to gamete donors: equality, gender equity, or solidarity?Publication . Samorinha, C.; De Freitas, C.; Baía, I.; Machado, H.; Vale-Fernandes, Emídio; Silva, S.Purpose: Regulation of payment to gamete donors varies substantially across countries. The development of an ethically sustainable governance system of payments in gamete donation demands that the preferences of different stakeholders be heard. This study intends to contribute to improving the understanding of payment to gamete donors by analysing the views of donors and recipients about the preferred form of payment and its associations with their sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 70 donors and 172 recipients recruited at the Portuguese Public Bank of Gametes (July 2017-June 2018). Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire. Views about the preferred form of payment were collected through a multiple-choice question and an open-ended item. Associations were quantified through χ2 tests; content analysis was conducted with the open-ended answers. Results: Both donors (48.6%) and recipients (40.7%) considered that reimbursement is the preferred form of payment to ensure solidarity-based motivations to donate. This option was followed by compensation for non-financial losses (41.4% of donors; 33.7% of recipients) based on gender equity. Preference for a fixed reward (22.7% of recipients; 8.6% of donors) was less frequent among younger donors and married/living with a partner or employed recipients, being based on the promotion of equality. Conclusion: In the context of the search for cross-border reproductive care and gamete circulation across countries, the findings from this study claim for the need to create solutions for payment to gamete donors that take into account gender equity and are simultaneously sensitive to donor's actual expenses and further health complications.
- Prevalence of use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis in Unidade Clínica de Paramiloidose from Centro Hospitalar do PortoPublication . Valdrez, K.; Alves, E.; Coelho, T.; Silva, S.Introduction: The Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy, with the world’s largest focus in Portugal, is recognized by the National Board of Assisted Reproductive Technologies as a serious disease eligible for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis. This study aims to determine the prevalence of the use of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis in FAP carriers followed in Unidade Clínica de Paramiloidose, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, and to identify the associated factors. Material and Methods: Between January and May 2013, a representative sample of Portuguese Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy carriers, aged between 18 and 55 years, was systematically recruited. The analysis is based on 111 carriers with previous familial diagnosis, who reported having ever tried to get pregnant after 2001. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and use of Preimplan¬tation Genetic Diagnosis were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Proportions were compared using the chi-square test. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and the respective confidence intervals of 95% (95% CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of use of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis was 20.7% (95% CI: 13.6-29.5). After adjustment, a household income above 1000 €/month (OR = 11.87; 95% CI 2.87-49.15) was directly associated with the use of Preimplantation Genetic Diag¬nosis, while carriers with an individual diagnosis (OR = 0.15; 95% CI 0.04-0.57) and children born after 2001 (OR = 0.07; 95% CI 0.02- 0.32) revealed a prevalence of use significantly lower than those with a individual diagnosis and children born before 2001. Discussion: The low prevalence of use of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, as well as the less frequent use of the technique by those with a lower household income, shows the importance of improving access to Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis in the case of Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy. Conclusion: This work contributes to increase the sensitivity of health professionals around the use and accessibility to Preimplanta¬tion Genetic Diagnosis among Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy carriers.
- Real-world data from the Portuguese Nivolumab Expanded Access Program (EAP) in previously treated Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)Publication . Figueiredo, A.; Almeida, M.A.; Almodovar, M.T.; Alves, P.; A, Araujo; Araújo, D.; Barata, F.; Barradas, L.; Barroso, A.; Brito, U.; Camacho, E.; Canário, D.; Cardoso, T.; Chaves, A.; Costa, L.; Cunha, J.; Duarte, J.; Estevinho, F.; Felizardo, M.; Fernandes, J.P.; Ferreira, L.; Ferreira, L.; Fidalgo, Paula; Freitas, C.; Garrido, P.; Gil, N.; Hasmucrai, D.; Jesus, E.; Lopes, J.A.; de Macedo, J.E.; Meleiro, A.; Neveda, R.; Nogueira, F.; Pantorotto, M.; Parente, B.; Pego, A.; Rocha, M.; Roque, J.; Santos, C.; Saraiva, J.; Silva, E.; Silva, S.; Simões, S.; Soares, M.; Teixeira, E.; Timóteo, T.; Hespanhol, V.Objective: The main aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of Nivolumab, an immune-checkpoint-inhibitor antibody, in advanced, previously treated, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients, in a real world setting. Methods: We performed a retrospective, multicentre data analysis of patients who were included in the Portuguese Nivolumab Expanded Access Program (EAP). Eligibility criteria included histologically or citologically confirmed NSCLC, stage IIIB and IV, evaluable disease, sufficient organ function and at least one prior line of chemotherapy. The endpoints included Overall Response Rate (ORR), Disease Control Rate (DCR), Progression Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS). Safety analysis was performed with the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), version 4.0, and immune-related Adverse Events (irAEs) were treated according to protocol treatment guidelines. Tumour response was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1. Data was analysed using SPSS, version 21.0 (IBM Statistics). Results: From June 2015 to December 2016, a total of 229 patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled at 30 Portuguese centres. Clinical data were collected up to the end of July 2018. The baseline median age was 64 years (range 37-83) and the majority of patients were males (70.3%) and former/current smokers (69.4%). Patients with non-squamous histology predominated (88.1%), and 67.6% of the patients had received 2 or more prior lines of chemotherapy. Out of 229 patients, data was available for 219 patients (3 patients did not start treatment, while data was unavailable in 7 patients); of the 219 patients, 15.5% were not evaluated for radiological tumour assessment, 1.4% had complete response (CR), 21% partial response (PR), 31% stable disease (SD) and 31.1% progressive disease (PD). Thus, the ORR was 22.4% and DCR was 53.4% in this population. At the time of survival analysis the median PFS was 4.91 months (95% CI, 3.89-6.11) and median OS was 13.21 months (95% CI, 9.89-16.53). The safety profile was in line with clinical trial data. Conclusions: Efficacy and safety results observed in this retrospective analysis were consistent with observations reported in clinical trials and from other centres.
- Stability of blood gases when refrigeratedPublication . Ferreira, J.; Silva, S.; Rodrigues, P.; Abreu, M.; Maia, J.; Carvalho, D.; Carvalho, L.Background: Blood gas analysis is a widely used procedure. In clinical practice, the physicians may not always have a blood gas analyzer in their proximity. Not infrequently, blood gas samples are stored in a fridge or on ice and read retrospectively. Continued anaerobic and aerobic metabolism in the blood may alter blood gases in the interval between drawing arterial blood and its analysis, which may cause a fall in the PaO2 and pH and a rise in the PaCO2. Methods: Two sets of arterial blood samples were obtained from hospitalized patients. After the initial analysis, one sample from each patient was put in raw ice within a specimen bag (0 to +1 oC) and the other in the fridge (+4 to +8 oC). These samples were submitted to serial analysis at 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours after the initial analysis. Results: Two hundred arterial blood gas results from 25 patients were analysed. The mean values of PaO2, PaCO2, HCO3-, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and lactate at 0 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours were not signifi cantly different between the two alternatives of storage. However, within each group, signifi cant changes were found over time for PaO2, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and lactate. Conclusions: When using plastic syringes, arterial blood gas analysis should be processed shortly after collecting the sample. Despite the fact that low temperatures can slow down the metabolism, neither the ice nor the fridge preserved all the sample parameters.
- Utilização do diagnóstico genético pré-implantação por portadores de paramiloidosePublication . Valdrez, K.; Coelho, T.; Alves, E.; Silva, S.