SD - Serviço de Dermatologia
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- Abordagem do Doente com Psoríase pela Medicina Geral e Familiar: Algoritmo de Referenciação e Gestão Partilhada com a DermatologiaPublication . T, Torres; Henrique, Martinha; Oliveira, Hugo; Rodrigues, Madalena; Ferreira, Paulo; Morais, Paulo; Alves, Sérgio; Lopes, Tiago Castro; Cernadas, RuiIntroduction: The implementation of models capable of improving referral quality, limiting the growth of waiting lists in hospitals, and ensuring the best possible treatment and follow-up of the psoriatic patient is of the utmost importance. Material and methods: A panel of Family Physicians and Dermatologists discussed and created a simple and effective algorithm of referral for patients with psoriasis. Results: The proposed algorithm starts when the Family Physician suspects of psoriasis. In case of diagnostic doubt, the patient should be referred to Dermatology. In case of a confirmed diagnosis, the Family Physician should assess the patient's severity and responder profile, evaluate comorbidities and assess the presence of psoriatic arthritis. If psoriasis is mild, topical treatments should be initiated, and if there is no clinical improvement or worsening of the disease, the patient should be referred to Dermatology. If psoriasis is moderate to severe, is located in high impact locations, or in pediatric age, the patient should be referred to Dermatology. In order to enable shared management in terms of follow-up and treatment of these patients, it is critical that the Family Physician has the necessary knowledge regarding the systemic treatments used in psoriasis and their side effects. Discussion and conclusion: Only a shared management of the psoriatic patient can allow for the best treatment and follow-up of these patients, a more rational use of available medical resources, thus giving the patient the best possible quality of life.
- Acne Vulgar no AdultoPublication . Costa, I.; Velho, G.Introdução: A acne vulgar é uma doença inflamatória crónica da unidade pilossebácea, de etiologia multifatorial. Trata-se de uma das doenças dermatológicas mais comuns. Afeta mais de 85% dos adolescentes, especialmente do género masculino. Apesar de infrequente na idade adulta, dados epidemiológicos recentes mostram uma prevalência crescente, cerca de 40%, predominantemente no género feminino, com impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. A acne do adulto ou acne tardia é uma entidade que está presente após os 25 anos de idade. Classifica-se como acne de início tardio e acne persistente. O tipo persistente é o mais comum, representando 70% a 80% dos casos, e caracteriza-se pela persistência da acne da adolescência, enquanto que a acne de início tardio é definida pela manifestação inaugural após os 25 anos de idade, com uma prevalência de cerca de 20% a 30%. Objetivo: Revisão bibliográfica da literatura científica atual, especialmente focada na fisiopatologia da acne tardia, fatores desencadeantes e agravantes, bem como nas particularidades da sua abordagem terapêutica. Metodologia: Foi utilizada a base de dados MEDLINE-PubMed e foram revistos artigos originais e de revisão bibliográfica publicados entre 2001 e 2017. Discussão: A acne pode ser uma manifestação clínica de doença sistémica, frequentemente endocrinológica, como síndrome do ovário poliquístico, hiperplasia suprarrenal, e tumores secretores virilizantes. É importante considerar estas etiologias, especialmente na mulher e na presença de outros sinais de hiperandrogenismo. Vários estudos apontam outros fatores desencadeantes ou agravantes, nomeadamente fatores genéticos, stress, tabagismo, exposição à radiação ultravioleta, obesidade, dieta hiperglicémica, fármacos, cosméticos, e colonização por estirpes resistentes de Propionibacterium acnes. Conclusão: Na maioria dos casos, a acne do adulto localiza-se na face, tem uma gravidade clínica ligeira a moderada e cursa com níveis hormonais normais. A localização exclusiva no terço inferior da face associa-se mais frequentemente a outros sinais de hiperandrogenismo e a patologia endocrinológica, bem como a um predomínio de lesões inflamatórias. A acne tardia é descrita como potencialmente refratária à terapêutica convencional, sendo muito recidivante. Assim, constitui um desafio terapêutico, que obriga a uma abordagem individualizada.
- Adult blaschkolinear acquired inflammatory skin eruption (BLAISE) with simultaneous features of lichen striatus and blaschkitisPublication . Raposo, I.; Mota, F.; Fernandes, I.; Canelhas, Á.; Selores, M.Blaschkitis and lichen striatus are generally distinguished in the literature by the age of onset, lesion distribution, and histopathology. However, there is currently no clear consensus among authors about whether to consider blaschkitis and lichen striatus different clinical entities or a spectrum ofthe same disease. We present a case of adult BLAISE with features of both lichen striatus and blaschkitis, which seems to support the theory that these clinical entities may in fact represent a spectrum of the same pathological process.
- Adult blaschkolinear acquired inflammatory skin eruption (BLAISE) with simultaneous features of lichen striatus and blaschkitisPublication . Raposo, I.; Mota, F.; Fernandes, I.; Canelhas, Á.; Selores, M.Blaschkitis and lichen striatus are generally distinguished in the literature by the age of onset, lesion distribution, and histopathology. However, there is currently no clear consensus among authors about whether to consider blaschkitis and lichen striatus different clinical entities or a spectrum ofthe same disease. We present a case of adult BLAISE with features of both lichen striatus and blaschkitis, which seems to support the theory that these clinical entities may in fact represent a spectrum of the same pathological process.
- Adult mastocytosis: a review of the Santo António Hospital 's experience and an evaluation of World Health Organization criteria for the diagnosis of systemic diseasePublication . Fernandes, I.; Teixeira, M.; Freitas, I.; Selores, M.; Alves, R.; Lima, M.BACKGROUND: Mastocytosis is a clonal disorder characterized by the accumulation of abnormal mast cells in the skin and/or in extracutaneous organs. OBJECTIVES: To present all cases of mastocytosis seen in the Porto Hospital Center and evaluate the performance of World Health Organization diagnostic criteria for systemic disease. METHODS: The cases of twenty-four adult patients with mastocytosis were reviewed. Their clinical and laboratorial characteristics were assessed, and the properties of the criteria used to diagnose systemic mastocytosis were evaluated. RESULTS: The age of disease onset ranged from 2 to 75 years. Twenty-three patients had cutaneous involvement and 75% were referred by dermatologists. Urticaria pigmentosa was the most common manifestation of the disease. One patient with severe systemic mast cell mediator-related symptoms showed the activating V560G KIT mutation. The bone marrow was examined in 79% of patients, and mast cell immunophenotyping was performed in 67% of the participants. Systemic disease was detected in 84% of cases, and 81% of the sample had elevated serum tryptase levels. All the diagnostic criteria for systemic mastocytosis had high specificity and positive predictive value. Bone marrow biopsy had the lowest sensitivity, negative predictive value and efficiency, while the highest such values were observed for mast cell immunophenotyping. Patients were treated with regimens including antihistamines, sodium cromoglycate, alpha-interferon, hydroxyurea and phototherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous involvement is often seen in adult mastocytosis patients, with most individuals presenting with indolent systemic disease. Although serum tryptase levels are a good indicator of mast cell burden, bone marrow biopsy should also be performed in patients with normal serum tryptase, with flow cytometry being the most adequate method to diagnose systemic disease.
- Allergic contact dermatitis to Aloe veraPublication . Ferreira, M.; Teixeira, M.; Silva, E.; Selores, M.Abstract We present the case of a 72-year-old woman observed for dermatitis on the legs followed by apperance of erythema on the eyelids. She had a past history of peripheral venous insufficiency and had been using self home-made Aloe vera juice over the legs for relief from pain. Patch tests showed positive reactions to the leaf of Aloe, the macerated Aloe jelly, and nickel sulfate. Although most manufacturers process Aloe products avoiding its irritant extracts, and probably as a consequence reports of allergic reactions are rare, one must remember that the growing popularity on the use of Aloe products may stimulate its use ‘as is’ by the patients. Furthermore, it is important to specifically ask patients about the use of these products, because they consider it as innocuous and thus would not spontaneously provide such information
- An outbreak of occupational textile dye dermatitis from Disperse Blue 106Publication . MOTA, F.; SILVA, E.; VARELA, P.; AZENHA, A.; MASSA, A.Contact Dermatitis. 2000 Oct;43(4):235-7. An outbreak of occupational textile dye dermatitis from Disperse Blue 106. Mota F, Silva E, Varela P, Azenha A, Massa A. Dermatology Department, Hospital Geral Santo António, Braga, Portugal. PMID: 11011934 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
- Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma: a "visible" diagnosisPublication . Raposo, I.; Mota, F.; Lobo, I.; Brandão, J.; Selores, M.Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is a rare granulomatous skin disease of undetermined cause, characterized by annular plaques with raised erythematous borders in sun-exposed skin. The typical histologic features are dermal infiltration by multinucleated giant cells, elastin degeneration, and elastophagocytosis. The authors describe a clinical case of AEGCG, which exhibited an excellent response to hydroxycloroquine.
- Ashy Dermatosis - Tratamento com ClofaziminaPublication . Pinto-Almeida, T.; Caetano, M.; Alves, R.; Selores, M.A Ashy dermatosis, ou erythema dyscromicum perstans, é uma dermatose rara de etiologia desconhecida. Os autores descrevem o caso de um homem de 46 anos saudável, com história de lesões cutâneas cinzentas assintomáticas no tronco com 1 ano de evolução. A constelação dos achados clínicos, histológicos e laboratoriais permitiu efectuar o diagnóstico de Ashy dermatosis. O doente iniciou tratamento com clofazimina oral, verificando-se resolução completa do quadro clínico e mantendo-se sem lesões cutâneas ao fim de 6 meses de vigilância. Estão descritas inúmeras opções terapêuticas para a Ashy dermatosis, no entanto nenhuma eficaz de forma consistente. O tratamento com clofazimina tem sido defendido devido ao seu efeito cosmético e a uma possível acção anti-inflamatória e imunomoduladora. Este caso documenta a eficácia terapêutica da clofazimina num doente com Ashy dermatosis